The Role of Stakeholder Engagement in Developing New Technologies and Innovation for Nitrogen Reduction in Waters: A Longitudinal Study

Better nitrogen management, technologies, and regulation are required to reduce losses in the aquatic environment. New innovative technologies can support farmers a more targeted planning of fertilizer application crop management at field level increase effect measures when reducing losses. However, if do not perceive need for such concept, demand (market pull) will be minimal, making implementation technology difficult. The lack this market pull could, however, counterbalanced by push from research or requirements public sector stakeholders (regulators). Within domain, main objective paper was study technological change over time identify understand crucial stakeholder involvement using Functions Innovation Systems Approach. This article shows how stakeholders’ perceptions participation evolved 10-year period. It examines interplay between readiness perceived acceptance affected stakeholders. We demonstrate engagement ensure development creating marketable options their future implementation. A key dynamic that emerged process transition regulator pull. fact without regulatory requirement linked changes towards targeting measures, would not, on its own, business case, although it provide new knowledge, thus representing gain society. specific findings used countries where developed, link active use and, therefore, make worthwhile.